Energy and Waste Management
Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction
Notes:
1. In 2024, THSRC used the 2024 Vehicle Gasoline and Diesel Lower Heating Value Table published by the Ministry of Environment, which specified the lower heating value of gasoline and diesel as 7,609 kcal/L and 8,642 kcal/L, respectively. In 2025, THSRC used the 2025 Vehicle Gasoline and Diesel Lower Heating Value Table published by the Ministry of Environment, which specified the lower heating value of gasoline and diesel as 7,586 kcal/L and 8,636 kcal/L, respectively. 1 kilocalorie = 4.187KJ; 1 KWh = 0.0036GJ.
2. Solar power generation facilities at four maintenance depots of Wuri, Yanchao, Zuoying, and Liujia were installed on the rooftop area of these maintenance depots rented by operators in the electric power industry. Electric power generated by such equipment was sold to Taiwan Power Company, so there was no data of green power consumption. As there is no renewable energy equipment installed at the headquarters, there was no data of green power consumption, either.
3. The scope of energy consumption in each year are constant as whole TSHRC, included all trains, maintenance depots, stations, Taoyuan Operation Management Center, headquaters and corporate vehicles.
Percentage of Energy Use
THSRC adopts the operational control approach to conduct annual greenhouse gas inventories and obtain third-party verification in accordance with ISO 14064-1:2018. In April 2026, THSRC completed the inventory and verification of 2025 greenhouse gas emissions covering the entire company (Scope 1 and Scope 2) as well as the supply chain (Scope 3), with an inventory coverage rate of 100%. The inventory boundaries included 12 stations, 5 maintenance depots, the headquarters office, the Taoyuan Operation Management Center, and the main line (train operations and trackside equipment). THSRC continues to promote greenhouse gas inventories and verification, implement energy conservation and carbon reduction measures, and reduce carbon emissions per passenger-kilometer in accordance with short-term, medium-term, and long-term reduction targets, with the aim of achieving net-zero emissions in its operations. The primary Scope 1 emission sources include greenhouse gases generated from gasoline, diesel, and refrigerants, while Scope 2 emissions mainly arise from purchased electricity. Greenhouse gas emissions and reduction targets are shown in the table below.
Notes:
1. The emission factors for 2025 were based on the latest GHG emission factors announced by the Ministry of Environment on February 5, 2024.
2. Greenhouse gas emissions are calculated as electricity consumption or gasoline/diesel consumption × emission factor × global warming potential (GWP)= metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions. The GWP values used in the inventory are based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report published in 2021.
3. The types of greenhouse gases emitted included sulfur dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, fluorocarbon, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
In 2025, THSRC completed the inventory of 17 categories under Scope 3, which were externally verified as well as Scope 1 and 2. The Company will continue to expand the Scope 3 inventory coverage.
Scope 3 Emission Inventory and Methodology Description (2025 Emissions)
Notes:
1. Data coverage is 100%.
2. To maintain consistency in terminology disclosure within the report, the terms used follow Scope 3: Indirect Emissions of the GHG Protocol. Corresponding terms from ISO 14064-1:2018 are: Upstream transportation and distribution, business travel, and employee commuting correspond to "Category 3 – Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from transportation." Purchased goods and services, fuel- and energyrelated activities, capital goods, waste generated in operations, and upstream leased assets correspond to "Category 4 – Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from products used by the organization." Downstream leased assets correspond to "Category 5 – Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from products provided by the organization."
3. Emissions from upstream transportation and distribution are calculated using the distance-based method, based on supplier transport distance, cargo weight, and corresponding emission factors.
4. International air travel emissions are calculated using the ICAO Carbon Emissions Calculator for each flight.
5. Waste emissions are calculated using the categorized waste method, based on Industrial Waste Report and Management System of Resource Circulation Administration Ministry of Environment. Emissions are computed according to the type of treatment method and corresponding emission factors, and transportation emission factors.
Low-Carbon Trains, and Green Stations
Building Low-Carbon Trains
THSRC utilizes the industrial benefits of low-carbon transportation to offer passengers environmentally friendly, fast, and convenient transportation services while effectively mitigating the environmental impact of operations. In 2025, the electricity consumption per trip at HSR stations and depots was 0.907 kWh and 0.232 kWh, respectively, and electricity consumption per trip has decreased year by year (see the table below). When calculated in terms of the passenger-kilometer carried by THSRC in 2025, the Company was able to reduce CO2e by 1,182,327 metric tons compared to smaller passenger cars. When calculated against the annual carbon absorption of 389 metric tons per Dann Forest Park (source：2019 Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs), this reduction is equivalent to the carbon uptake of 3,039 Daan Forest Park.
"Carbon Footprint label of High Speed Rail Transportation Services" and "Carbon Footprint of Passenger Transportation Between Stations" verification certificate and label:
- In 2025, THSRC applied to the Ministry of Environment for an extension of the "Carbon Footprint label of High Speed Rail Transportation Services" and were awarded a renewed carbon footprint label (Approval No. 2014910001-01, valid until December 16, 2027). The certified carbon footprint is 29g CO2e per passenger-kilometer (passenger-km), representing a 9.37% reduction compared to the 32g CO2e per passenger-kilometer (passenger-km) certified in 2020. The Company has also disclosed the carbon footprint label and the carbon footprint of passenger transport between stations on the corporate website.
Since 2010, the "Train Energy Conservation Team" has continuously implemented the "Energy-Saving Driving Program." Energy-saving driving refers to an operation mode where train drivers, based on the principles of safety, punctuality, and comfort, appropriately apply train traction and braking to reduce energy consumption during operation. This method also reduces equipment wear to extend its service life, achieving an optimal balance between train operation and energy-saving performance to maximize energy efficiency. In 2025, THSRC saved a total of 17,548 MWh of electricity and reduced 8,318 metric tons of CO2e compared to the 2010 baseline year. The table below shows electricity savings and carbon reduction in the past two years.
Notes:
1. THSRC used the 2010–2024 National Electric Power Emission Factors published by the Bureau of Energy, and the carbon reduction for 2025 was calculated using the 2024 announced emission factor of 0.474 kg CO2e.
2. Only electricity consumption in train operation was included. Electricity consumption for lighting and airconditioners on trains was not included.
Energy Management
THSRC sets environmental goals and strategies based on the principles of safety and comfort, environmental protection, and energy conservation. The Company is committed to reducing its consumption of energy and water resources and increasing energy use efficiency. The Company enhances employees' awareness and convenes regular environmental management meetings to review the attainment of environmental targets and track improvement results. THSRC takes appropriate actions to mitigate the environmental impact of our business operations.
To improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact, THSRC sets annual targets based on the previous year's performance. In terms of GHG emissions, THSRC set an electricity saving rate target for each station of >0.86% per trip serviced. In terms of water resource management, THSRC upholds the principles of water conservation, reduction, and recycling to set a water saving rate target for each station of higher than 3.42% per trip. THSRC also sets an annual carbon reduction rate target of higher than 1.50% as the Company's GHG emission reduction target using the "carbon emissions per person -kilometer" indicator to quantify changes in CO2 emission and increase the benefits of low-carbon transportation.
The Company implements four major energy-saving schemes including manage autonomous energy conservation, reduce electricity consumption, transfer peak electricity usage, and use electricity reasonably across 5 maintenance depots and 12 stations to build low-carbon green facilities. THSRC based station designs on sustainability concepts like ecology, energy conservation, waste reduction, and health, as well as the geographical environment of each station. Miaoli, Changhua, and Yunlin stations received Diamond Level, Gold Level and Gold Level Green Building Certificates and Green Building Certification plaques from the Ministry of the Interior. THSRC focused on reducing electricity consumption at maintenance depots and adopted a variety of energy-saving improvements to reduce the electricity consumption per passenger trip for stations (excluding public areas shared with the Taiwan Railway Corporation) and depots.
In line with the government's energy transition initiatives, THSRC has installed solar power generation facilities at maintenance depots and stations. However, power generation may fluctuate due to unfavorable weather conditions and natural disasters (such as typhoons). In 2025, total annual solar power generation reached 9,596 thousand kWh. Total power generation from four maintenance depots amounted to 7,338 thousand kWh, all of which was sold to Taipower. Total power generation from six stations amounted to 2,258 thousand kWh, of which 89 thousand kWh was used by the stations, and the remainder was sold to Taipower.
Solar Power Generation at Four THSR Maintenance Depots
Solar Power Generation at Six THSR Stations
Optimization of Sustainable Operations
THSRC implements projects including improving the energy efficiency of existing buildings, enhancing the energy efficiency of electrical equipment, and introducing green building materials in accordance with its medium and long-term strategies. Since 2019, the Head Office has progressively implemented energy-saving measures, such as replacing lighting with LED fixtures and installing heat-insulation film on all glass curtain walls. Compared to electricity consumption before these measures, the Company saved a total of 223,437 kWh in 2025, reducing emissions by approximately 105.91 metric tons of CO2e. In 2025, the Taoyuan Operation Management Center installed green building material-grade heat-insulation film on the glass curtain walls of the building, replaced 457 traditional office lights with LED lamps, and substituted halogen streetlights in the parking lot with LED lights. According to calculations, these measures save 45,744 kWh of electricity each year, equivalent to a reduction of approximately 21.68 metric tons of CO2e (calculated using the latest Taiwan electricity carbon emission factor announced by the Energy Administration in April 2024).
With rising sustainability awareness among consumers, THSRC provided diverse ticketing services to reduce the use of magnetic/paper tickets. They include the issuance of commuter passes /multiride tickets, the mobile ticketing functions of the T Express app, and the acceptance of co-branded electronic cards for travel. In 2025, these three measures reduced the use of 36.58 million tickets, reaching a cumulative total of 230 million tickets saved to date. THSRC now offers consumers with a more sustainable, low-carbon, and convenient travel experience.
In response to the advent of the paperless era, the number of digital official documents reached 60,057 in 2025, saving approximately 720,684 sheets of paper. This is equivalent to saving 86 trees and reducing 1,032 kg of carbon emissions (calculated based on data provided by the Environmental Quality Protection Foundation)
THSRC adheres to the three key strategies of "water conservation, use reduction, and recycling and reuse," and has established an "Energy Conservation Project Team" to hold quarterly review meetings to examine progress and actively implement water resource management. In 2025, the water-saving rate at stations reached 3.399%. THSRC continues to conduct water footprint inventories in accordance with ISO 14046：2014, thereby systematically reducing water consumption per passenger trip.
THSRC uses the water resource management tool developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) to conduct water-related risk assessments. The water withdrawal locations of THSR fall within the fifth range (2.6 –3.0), classified as a medium-to-low water stress area. Water sources for stations, maintenance depots, headquarters, and the operation control center are all tap water, with no use of groundwater.
With respect to wastewater management, THSRC has installed wastewater treatment plants at all maintenance depots and at Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Miaoli, Taichung, Changhua, Yunlin, Chiayi, and Tainan stations. Licensed professionals classify and treat wastewater to meet effluent discharge standards. Wastewater from remaining stations is discharged directly into the sewer system, with wastewater treatment fees paid regularly. THSRC manages these operations through environmental management audits, complies with the "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Measures Plan," adheres to relevant environmental regulations, and submits reports on effluent water quality and volume from wastewater treatment plants as required.
Notes:
1. The effluent standard complies with the effluent standard limit of the "specially polluted sewer system in other designated areas or places" specified under the Water Pollution Control Act, which includes water temperature < 35 °C (October to April) < 38 °C (May to September), pH value between 6.0 and 9.0, oil and fat <10mg/L, suspended solids <30mg/L, chemical oxygen demand <100mg/L, biochemical oxygen demand <30 mg/L.
2. The increase of total water withdrawal in 2025 was mainly due to the increase in traffic volume by 4.88% compared with 2024.
THSRC established a waste management policy focused on reduction at the source and enhanced waste sorting and recycling. This policy focuses on waste reduction, improving waste sorting, and increasing the resource recycling rate. By upholding the "100% THSRC RECYCLED" concept, THSRC used recycled PET bottles from stations to manufacture eco-friendly uniform fabrics to progressively replace existing staff uniform materials. THSRC also replaced seat headrest covers and hot beverage cup lids on trains with alternative eco-friendly materials to support the circular economy. THSRC appoints licensed service providers to handle waste collection, removal, and disposal at depots and stations, and delivers non-recyclable general industrial waste to incinerators, which serve as the site of final disposal. The Company organizes communication meetings and conducts on-site audits to ensure that contractors complied with waste disposal regulations and properly removed and treated waste. In 2025, THSRC invested approximately NT$85.95 million in wastewater and waste treatment, which covered operations and maintenance of wastewater treatment plant equipment, expansion and renewal of equipment, coagulation and disinfection chemical agents, water quality tests, sludge removal, and outsourced waste removal. In addition, there were no contract defaults and no leaks involving fuel, chemical substances, or waste in 2025. The results of waste disposal and resource recycling at stations and depots in the past two years are summarized in the table below.
THSRC is dedicated to advancing the circular economy, reduction of consumption, and reuse in response to domestic and international regulatory trends. Project highlights for 2025 included the recycling of plastic products from stations and the reuse of packaging materials from the e-commerce platform. In terms of recycling and plastic reduction, THSRC used recycled PET bottles to produce polyester fiber for new staff uniforms. THSRC developed station and train personnel shirts first to strengthen the reuse of resources. THSRC also adopted wood pulp fiber for headrest covers and paper lids for hot beverages. The Company partnered with technology providers to launch the "THSR x raingo eco-friendly shared umbrellas" service in March 2025, providing rentals across all 12 stations and nationwide raingo rental stations while utilizing recycled yarn for umbrella cloth to attain sustainability in daily life. In 2025, the umbrellas were rented 20,202 times, which was equivalent to reducing approximately 172 metric tons of CO2e.
THSRC launched circular packaging on the T-Shopping platform, and the brand memorabilia are shipped in recyclable boxes. The Company adopted a circular model of reuse and voluntary return to minimize the use of online shopping packaging materials and virgin plastics, incorporating the concept of sustainability into passengers' daily consumption choices.
| Stations | Maintenance Depots | Stations and Maintenance Depots | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unit: metric tons | Amount of Waste (metric tons) |
Amount of Resources Recycled (metric tons) |
Amount of Waste (metric tons) |
Amount of Resources Recycled (metric tons) |
Amount of Resources and Waste Recycled (metric tons) |
Total Amount of Waste (metric tons) |
Resource and Waste Recycling Rate | |
| 2024 | 4,776.68 | 926.26 | 454.83 | 926.16 | 1,852.42 | 7,081.93 | 26.2% | |
| 2025 | 4,978.20 | 961.76 | 590.37 | 845.99 | 1,807.75 | 7,376.32 | 24.5% | |
Notes:
1. The waste from the headquarters office is processed by the building management unit altogether, and the waste from trains is included in that from stations or maintenance depots for processing altogether, so the relevant data has been included in this table.
2. "Hazardous industrial waste" is nickel-cadmium batteries.